Static Analysis of Doubly-Curved Shell Structures of Smart Materials and Arbitrary Shape Subjected to General Loads Employing Higher Order Theories and Generalized Differential Quadrature Method

The article proposes an Equivalent Single Layer (ESL) formulation for the linear static analysis of arbitrarily-shaped shell structures subjected to general surface loads and boundary conditions. A parametrization physical domain is provided by employing a set curvilinear principal coordinates. generalized blending methodology accounts distortion structure so that disparate geometries can be considered. Each layer stacking sequence has arbitrary orientation modelled as generally anisotropic continuum. In addition, re-entrant auxetic three-dimensional honeycomb cells with soft-core behaviour are considered in model. unknown variables described displacement field pre-determined through-the-thickness functions assessed unified formulation. Then, weak assessment structural problem shape defined isogeometric approach starting from computational grid. been proposed define two-dimensional distributions loads. same way, conditions features implemented along edges springs. fundamental relations obtained stationary configuration total potential energy, they numerically tackled Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method, accounting nonuniform grids. post-processing stage, equilibrium-based recovery procedure allows determination dispersion kinematic quantities. Some case studies have presented, successful benchmark different responses performed respect various refined theories.